HW1-3

原始程式碼
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""       turtle-example-suite:

        tdemo_planets_and_moon.py

Gravitational system simulation using the
approximation method from Feynman-lectures,
p.9-8, using turtlegraphics.

Example: heavy central body, light planet,
very light moon!
Planet has a circular orbit, moon a stable
orbit around the planet.

You can hold the movement temporarily by
pressing the left mouse button with the
mouse over the scrollbar of the canvas.

"""
from turtle import Shape, Turtle, mainloop, Vec2D as Vec
from time import sleep

G = 8

class GravSys(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.planets = []
        self.t = 0
        self.dt = 0.01
    def init(self):
        for p in self.planets:
            p.init()
    def start(self):
        for i in range(10000):
            self.t += self.dt
            for p in self.planets:
                p.step()

class Star(Turtle):
    def __init__(self, m, x, v, gravSys, shape):
        Turtle.__init__(self, shape=shape)
        self.penup()
        self.m = m
        self.setpos(x)
        self.v = v
        gravSys.planets.append(self)
        self.gravSys = gravSys
        self.resizemode("user")
        self.pendown()
    def init(self):
        dt = self.gravSys.dt
        self.a = self.acc()
        self.v = self.v + 0.5*dt*self.a
    def acc(self):
        a = Vec(0,0)
        for planet in self.gravSys.planets:
            if planet != self:
                v = planet.pos()-self.pos()
                a += (G*planet.m/abs(v)**3)*v
        return a
    def step(self):
        dt = self.gravSys.dt
        self.setpos(self.pos() + dt*self.v)
        if self.gravSys.planets.index(self) != 0:
            self.setheading(self.towards(self.gravSys.planets[0]))
        self.a = self.acc()
        self.v = self.v + dt*self.a

## create compound yellow/blue turtleshape for planets

def main():
    s = Turtle()
    s.reset()
    s.getscreen().tracer(0,0)
    s.ht()
    s.pu()
    s.fd(6)
    s.lt(90)
    s.begin_poly()
    s.circle(6, 180)
    s.end_poly()
    m1 = s.get_poly()
    s.begin_poly()
    s.circle(6,180)
    s.end_poly()
    m2 = s.get_poly()

    planetshape = Shape("compound")
    planetshape.addcomponent(m1,"orange")
    planetshape.addcomponent(m2,"blue")
    s.getscreen().register_shape("planet", planetshape)
    s.getscreen().tracer(1,0)

    ## setup gravitational system
    gs = GravSys()
    sun = Star(1000000, Vec(0,0), Vec(0,-2.5), gs, "circle")
    sun.color("yellow")
    sun.shapesize(1.8)
    sun.pu()
    earth = Star(12500, Vec(210,0), Vec(0,195), gs, "planet")
    earth.pencolor("green")
    earth.shapesize(0.8)
    moon = Star(1, Vec(220,0), Vec(0,295), gs, "planet")
    moon.pencolor("blue")
    moon.shapesize(0.5)
    gs.init()
    gs.start()
    return "Done!"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
    mainloop()

原始動畫

修改過後
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""       turtle-example-suite:

        tdemo_planets_and_moon.py

Gravitational system simulation using the
approximation method from Feynman-lectures,
p.9-8, using turtlegraphics.

Example: heavy central body, light planet,
very light moon!
Planet has a circular orbit, moon a stable
orbit around the planet.

You can hold the movement temporarily by
pressing the left mouse button with the
mouse over the scrollbar of the canvas.

"""
from turtle import Shape, Turtle, mainloop, Vec2D as Vec
from time import sleep

G = 8

class GravSys(object):
    def __init__(self):
        self.planets = []
        self.t = 0
        self.dt = 0.01
    def init(self):
        for p in self.planets:
            p.init()
    def start(self):
        for i in range(1000):
            self.t += self.dt
            for p in self.planets:
                p.step()

class Star(Turtle):
    def __init__(self, m, x, v, gravSys, shape):
        Turtle.__init__(self, shape=shape)
        self.penup()
        self.m = m
        self.setpos(x)
        self.v = v
        gravSys.planets.append(self)
        self.gravSys = gravSys
        self.resizemode("user")
        self.pendown()
    def init(self):
        dt = self.gravSys.dt
        self.a = self.acc()
        self.v = self.v + 0.5*dt*self.a
    def acc(self):
        a = Vec(0,0)
        for planet in self.gravSys.planets:
            if planet != self:
                v = planet.pos()-self.pos()
                a += (G*planet.m/abs(v)**3.001)*v
        return a
    def step(self):
        dt = self.gravSys.dt
        self.setpos(self.pos() + dt*self.v)
        if self.gravSys.planets.index(self) != 0:
            self.setheading(self.towards(self.gravSys.planets[0]))
        self.a = self.acc()
        self.v = self.v + dt*self.a

## create compound yellow/blue turtleshape for planets

def main():
    s = Turtle()
    s.reset()
    s.getscreen().tracer(0,0)
    s.ht()
    s.pu()
    s.fd(6)
    s.lt(90)
    s.begin_poly()
    s.circle(6, 180)
    s.end_poly()
    m1 = s.get_poly()
    s.begin_poly()
    s.circle(6,180)
    s.end_poly()
    m2 = s.get_poly()

    planetshape = Shape("compound")
    planetshape.addcomponent(m1,"gray10")
    planetshape.addcomponent(m2,"red")
    s.getscreen().register_shape("planet", planetshape)
    s.getscreen().tracer(1,0)

    ## setup gravitational system
    gs = GravSys()
    sun = Star(1000000, Vec(0,0), Vec(0,-2.5), gs, "triangle")
    sun.color("green")
    sun.shapesize(10.8)
    sun.pu()
    earth = Star(12500, Vec(210,0), Vec(0,195), gs, "planet")
    earth.pencolor("brown")
    earth.shapesize(0.8)
    moon = Star(1, Vec(205,0), Vec(0,310), gs, "planet")
    moon.pencolor("blue")
    moon.shapesize(0.5)
    gs.init()
    gs.start()
    return "Done!"

if __name__ == '__main__':
    main()
    mainloop()
動畫改成
快速移動的彗星
並且移動距離縮小

HW1-2

"""      turtle-example-suite:

         tdemo_round_dance.py

(Needs version 1.1 of the turtle module that
comes with Python 3.1)

Dancing turtles have a compound shape
consisting of a series of triangles of
decreasing size.

Turtles march along a circle while rotating
pairwise in opposite direction, with one
exception. Does that breaking of symmetry
enhance the attractiveness of the example?

Press any key to stop the animation.

Technically: demonstrates use of compound
shapes, transformation of shapes as well as
cloning turtles. The animation is
controlled through update().
"""

from turtle import *

def stop():
    global running
    running = False

def main():
    global running
    clearscreen()
    bgcolor("gray10")
    tracer(False)
    shape("triangle")
    f =   0.793402
    phi = 9.064678
    s = 5
    c = 1
    # create compound shape
    sh = Shape("compound")
    for i in range(10):
        shapesize(s)
        p =get_shapepoly()
        s *= f
        c *= f
        tilt(-phi)
        sh.addcomponent(p, (c, 0.25, 1-c), "black")
    register_shape("multitri", sh)
    # create dancers
    shapesize(1)
    shape("multitri")
    pu()
    setpos(0, -200)
    dancers = []
    for i in range(180):
        fd(7)
        tilt(-4)
        lt(2)
        update()
        if i % 12 == 0:
            dancers.append(clone())
    home()
    # dance
    running = True
    onkeypress(stop)
    listen()
    cs = 1
    while running:
        ta = -4
        for dancer in dancers:
            dancer.fd(7)
            dancer.lt(2)
            dancer.tilt(ta)
            ta = -4 if ta > 0 else 2
        if cs < 180:
            right(4)
            shapesize(cs)
            cs *= 1.005
        update()
    return "DONE!"

if __name__=='__main__':
    print(main())
    mainloop()

原始程式碼

這是原始動畫

"""      turtle-example-suite:

         tdemo_round_dance.py

(Needs version 1.1 of the turtle module that
comes with Python 3.1)

Dancing turtles have a compound shape
consisting of a series of triangles of
decreasing size.

Turtles march along a circle while rotating
pairwise in opposite direction, with one
exception. Does that breaking of symmetry
enhance the attractiveness of the example?

Press any key to stop the animation.

Technically: demonstrates use of compound
shapes, transformation of shapes as well as
cloning turtles. The animation is
controlled through update().
"""

from turtle import *

def stop():
    global running
    running = False

def main():
    global running
    clearscreen()
    bgcolor("white")
    tracer(False)
    shape("circle")
    f =   0.793402
    phi = 9.064678
    s = 5
    c = 1
    # create compound shape
    sh = Shape("compound")
    for i in range(30):
        shapesize(s)
        p =get_shapepoly()
        s *= f
        c *= f
        tilt(-phi)
        sh.addcomponent(p, (c, 0.25, 1-c), "yellow")
    register_shape("circle", sh)
    # create dancers
    shapesize(1)
    shape("circle")
    pu()
    setpos(0, -200)
    dancers = []
    for i in range(180):
        fd(7)
        tilt(-4)
        lt(2)
        update()
        if i % 12 == 0:
            dancers.append(clone())
    home()
    # dance
    running = True
    onkeypress(stop)
    listen()
    cs = 1
    while running:
        ta = -4
        for dancer in dancers:
            dancer.fd(7)
            dancer.lt(2)
            dancer.tilt(ta)
            ta = -4 if ta > 0 else 2
        if cs < 180:
            right(4)
            shapesize(cs)
            cs *= 2.005
        update()
    return "DONE!"

if __name__=='__main__':
    print(main())
    mainloop()

更改過後
動畫改變成
瞬間畫面改變成圓形

HW1-1

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""      turtle-example-suite:

        tdemo_bytedesign.py

An example adapted from the example-suite
of PythonCard's turtle graphics.

It's based on an article in BYTE magazine
Problem Solving with Logo: Using Turtle
Graphics to Redraw a Design
November 1982, p. 118 - 134

-------------------------------------------

Due to the statement

t.delay(0)

in line 152, which sets the animation delay
to 0, this animation runs in "line per line"
mode as fast as possible.
"""

import math
from turtle import Turtle, mainloop
from time import clock

# wrapper for any additional drawing routines
# that need to know about each other
class Designer(Turtle):

    def design(self, homePos, scale):
        self.up()
        for i in range(5):
            self.forward(64.65 * scale)
            self.down()
            self.wheel(self.position(), scale)
            self.up()
            self.backward(64.65 * scale)
            self.right(72)
        self.up()
        self.goto(homePos)
        self.right(36)
        self.forward(24.5 * scale)
        self.right(198)
        self.down()
        self.centerpiece(46 * scale, 143.4, scale)
        self.getscreen().tracer(True)

    def wheel(self, initpos, scale):
        self.right(54)
        for i in range(4):
            self.pentpiece(initpos, scale)
        self.down()
        self.left(36)
        for i in range(5):
            self.tripiece(initpos, scale)
        self.left(36)
        for i in range(5):
            self.down()
            self.right(72)
            self.forward(28 * scale)
            self.up()
            self.backward(28 * scale)
        self.left(54)
        self.getscreen().update()

    def tripiece(self, initpos, scale):
        oldh = self.heading()
        self.down()
        self.backward(2.5 * scale)
        self.tripolyr(31.5 * scale, scale)
        self.up()
        self.goto(initpos)
        self.setheading(oldh)
        self.down()
        self.backward(2.5 * scale)
        self.tripolyl(31.5 * scale, scale)
        self.up()
        self.goto(initpos)
        self.setheading(oldh)
        self.left(72)
        self.getscreen().update()

    def pentpiece(self, initpos, scale):
        oldh = self.heading()
        self.up()
        self.forward(29 * scale)
        self.down()
        for i in range(5):
            self.forward(18 * scale)
            self.right(72)
        self.pentr(18 * scale, 75, scale)
        self.up()
        self.goto(initpos)
        self.setheading(oldh)
        self.forward(29 * scale)
        self.down()
        for i in range(5):
            self.forward(18 * scale)
            self.right(72)
        self.pentl(18 * scale, 75, scale)
        self.up()
        self.goto(initpos)
        self.setheading(oldh)
        self.left(72)
        self.getscreen().update()

    def pentl(self, side, ang, scale):
        if side < (2 * scale): return
        self.forward(side)
        self.left(ang)
        self.pentl(side - (.38 * scale), ang, scale)

    def pentr(self, side, ang, scale):
        if side < (2 * scale): return
        self.forward(side)
        self.right(ang)
        self.pentr(side - (.38 * scale), ang, scale)

    def tripolyr(self, side, scale):
        if side < (4 * scale): return
        self.forward(side)
        self.right(111)
        self.forward(side / 1.78)
        self.right(111)
        self.forward(side / 1.3)
        self.right(146)
        self.tripolyr(side * .75, scale)

    def tripolyl(self, side, scale):
        if side < (4 * scale): return
        self.forward(side)
        self.left(111)
        self.forward(side / 1.78)
        self.left(111)
        self.forward(side / 1.3)
        self.left(146)
        self.tripolyl(side * .75, scale)

    def centerpiece(self, s, a, scale):
        self.forward(s); self.left(a)
        if s < (7.5 * scale):
            return
        self.centerpiece(s - (1.2 * scale), a, scale)

def main():
    t = Designer()
    t.speed(0)
    t.hideturtle()
    t.getscreen().delay(0)
    t.getscreen().tracer(0)
    at = clock()
    t.design(t.position(), 2)
    et = clock()
    return "runtime: %.2f sec." % (et-at)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    msg = main()
    print(msg)
    mainloop()

原始程式碼以及原始圖形

#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""      turtle-example-suite:

        tdemo_bytedesign.py

An example adapted from the example-suite
of PythonCard's turtle graphics.

It's based on an article in BYTE magazine
Problem Solving with Logo: Using Turtle
Graphics to Redraw a Design
November 1982, p. 118 - 134

-------------------------------------------

Due to the statement

t.delay(0)

in line 152, which sets the animation delay
to 0, this animation runs in "line per line"
mode as fast as possible.
"""

import math
from turtle import Turtle, mainloop
from time import clock

# wrapper for any additional drawing routines
# that need to know about each other
class Designer(Turtle):

    def design(self, homePos, scale):
        self.up()
        for i in range(5):
            self.forward(75 * scale)
            self.down()
            self.wheel(self.position(), scale)
            self.up()
            self.backward(75 * scale)
            self.right(72)
        self.up()
        self.goto(homePos)
        self.right(50)
        self.forward(24.5 * scale)
        self.right(200)
        self.down()
        self.centerpiece(50 * scale, 150.0, scale)
        self.getscreen().tracer(True)

    def wheel(self, initpos, scale):
        self.right(54)
        for i in range(4):
            self.pentpiece(initpos, scale)
        self.down()
        self.left(36)
        for i in range(5):
            self.tripiece(initpos, scale)
        self.left(36)
        for i in range(5):
            self.down()
            self.right(72)
            self.forward(28 * scale)
            self.up()
            self.backward(28 * scale)
        self.left(54)
        self.getscreen().update()

    def tripiece(self, initpos, scale):
        oldh = self.heading()
        self.down()
        self.backward(2.5 * scale)
        self.tripolyr(31.5 * scale, scale)
        self.up()
        self.goto(initpos)
        self.setheading(oldh)
        self.down()
        self.backward(2.5 * scale)
        self.tripolyl(31.5 * scale, scale)
        self.up()
        self.goto(initpos)
        self.setheading(oldh)
        self.left(72)
        self.getscreen().update()

    def pentpiece(self, initpos, scale):
        oldh = self.heading()
        self.up()
        self.forward(29 * scale)
        self.down()
        for i in range(5):
            self.forward(18 * scale)
            self.right(72)
        self.pentr(18 * scale, 75, scale)
        self.up()
        self.goto(initpos)
        self.setheading(oldh)
        self.forward(29 * scale)
        self.down()
        for i in range(5):
            self.forward(18 * scale)
            self.right(72)
        self.pentl(18 * scale, 75, scale)
        self.up()
        self.goto(initpos)
        self.setheading(oldh)
        self.left(72)
        self.getscreen().update()

    def pentl(self, side, ang, scale):
        if side < (2 * scale): return
        self.forward(side)
        self.left(ang)
        self.pentl(side - (.38 * scale), ang, scale)

    def pentr(self, side, ang, scale):
        if side < (2 * scale): return
        self.forward(side)
        self.right(ang)
        self.pentr(side - (.38 * scale), ang, scale)

    def tripolyr(self, side, scale):
        if side < (4 * scale): return
        self.forward(side)
        self.right(111)
        self.forward(side / 1.78)
        self.right(111)
        self.forward(side / 1.3)
        self.right(146)
        self.tripolyr(side * .75, scale)

    def tripolyl(self, side, scale):
        if side < (4 * scale): return
        self.forward(side)
        self.left(111)
        self.forward(side / 1.78)
        self.left(111)
        self.forward(side / 1.3)
        self.left(146)
        self.tripolyl(side * .75, scale)

    def centerpiece(self, s, a, scale):
        self.forward(s); self.left(a)
        if s < (10 * scale):
            return
        self.centerpiece(s - (10 * scale), a, scale)

def main():
    t = Designer()
    t.speed(0)
    t.hideturtle()
    t.getscreen().delay(0)
    t.getscreen().tracer(0)
    at = clock()
    t.design(t.position(), 2)
    et = clock()
    return "runtime: %.2f sec." % (et-at)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    msg = main()
    print(msg)
    mainloop()


修改過後的程式碼

修改過後的圖形

我修改的部分是改變一些旋轉的參數

讓密集的花朵變成比較像正在開花的花朵